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P. 1). SUMMER.

MECHANICAL DRIER.

No. 546,655. Patented Sept. 24, 1895.

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F. D. CUMMER.

MECHANICAL DRIER.

No. 546,655. Patented Sept. 24, 1895.

[Ill l/ ATTEET INVEN U nace-inclosure or to be brought in any way in FRANKLIN D. OUMMER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO ELIZA F. OUMMER, OF SAME PLACE.

MECHANICAL DRIER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 546,655, dated September 24, 1895.

Application filed August 7, 1895. Serial No. 558,490. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANKLIN D. CUMMER, a citizen of the United States, residing in Cleveland, in the county of Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mechanical Driers; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention has reference to improvements in mechanical driers; and the invention consists in the construction of apparatus for drying various materials which pass through the same, substantially as shown and described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal central sectional elevation of the rear portion of one form of my improved apparatus, the front portion whereof may be, for example, as shown in Fig. 2 or its equivalent, and in which a discharge from the drying-cylinder is immediately outside of the rear wall of the drying-chamber and the entire length of the cylinder is exposed to the heat from the furnace. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal central sectional elevation of another form of my improved apparatus in which the drying-cylinder extends some distance beyond the rear wall of the drying-chamber and is exposed to outside air and delivers the material at some distance from said chamber through its rear end. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional elevation of a part of the drying-cylinder, showing the hoods therein. Fig. t is a rear sectional elevation of still another modification of apparatus having its rear end projecting outside the drying-chamber and provided with cold-air inlets, as hereinafter fully described.

It sometimes occurs that I have to deal with explosive or inflammable materials, or, in other words, materials which when dried in the machine become more or less explosive and therefore dangerous. Such materials should never be permitted to enter. the furdirect contact with the heat after passing through the machine and reaching a dry and rial whatever to accumulate where the heat of the furnace can come in direct contact with it or where the workings of the machine will endanger the material by undue exposure thereof. To these ends I have so constructed and arranged all the parts that the material cannot escape from the drying-cylinder anywhere within the drying-chamber, where the heat is, and that all the material is carried absolutely through the cylinder and out at its rear end and deposited outside the walls of the furnace, Where no heat is present to endanger the products. Thus in Fig. 1 it will be seen that a suitable breeching 5 is fixed to the rear wall of the drying-chamber and that an encircling ring 6 is engaged closely round about the end of the cylinder 7 opposite the encircling edge of the breeching 5. Then in order to make a close joint between parts 5 and 6 I employ a packing-ring 8, which closes what slight opening there may be between the breeching 5 and the ring 6. It will be noticed that a tubular or hollow trunnion 9 is employed at this end of the cylinder, having also tubular or hollow arms 10, and together forming a spider with a rim. 11 set inside the end of the cylinder and rigidly fixed thereto. The arms and rim of this spider are not such as to obstruct the end of the cylinder, and the dry material as it comes through the cylinder passes through this spider and drops into the conveyer 12, whence the material is conveyed laterally out of the way and taken care of in any convenient manner. An outside Wall 14: is shown as supporting the trunnion-bracket 15, and the conveyer 12 is between this wall and the rear wall 16 of the furnace and drying-chamber. A hood 18 is built over the end of the cylinder outsideof the furnace-wall 16 and over the conveyer 12 and makes a tight inclosure about the end of the cylinder and the conveyer, so'as to prevent any rising dust from escaping into theopen air and also to prevent admission of air to the cylinder except as may be admitted through the controlled inlet 19. ihe hood 18 is therefore made close-fitting at all points and rests at its bottom upon the wall is and is secured about its top and sides to a flange on the breeching 5. This cylinder, as in Figs. 2 and 4, is provided with a series of hoods 20 on its inside over openings through the side thereof. Referring now to Fig. 2, we find a furnaceA and a Walled passage-way or flue B extending therefrom and discharging into the drying-chamber, in which the cylinder 0 is mostly confined and adapted to rotate. The power mechanism for turning cylinder 0 engages with the gear-wheel D, whence it is communicated through the shaft on which said wheel is mounted to the said cylinder, the power mechanism in this instance being, preferably, at the front instead of at the rear of the machine. The material to be dried is fed through the combined feed-passage and exhaust E at the front of the cylinder, and the exhaust from the cylinder is in the direction of the arrows, as clearly shown, so that while the material to be dried passes gradually to the rear of the cylinder the products of combustion and the heat from the furnace travel out through the front end of the cylinder. Suitable air-inlets to the furnace and heating-chamber are provided, whereby the temperature about the cylinder O and the volume of air are tempered and controlled as desired. In this latter form of drier, Fig. 2, it will be further noticed that the cylinder extends about one-fourth its length outside the drier-chamber at its rear, where it is exposed to the outside air. It sometimes occurs that it is desirable to cool off the material more or less before it is discharged into the conveyer, and hence I have so extended and exposed the cylinder as to accomplish this result, and may admit air through opening for this purpose. It will be further noticed that the hoods 20 are in this instance confined to the portion of the cylinder within the heating-chamber and that the portion of the cylinder which extends out beyond said chamber is plain or unhooded and has no openings whatsoever about its sides. In this case the conveyer 22 is confined within parallel walls 23 of its own and a hood 24 covers the space over said conveyer and walls and over the end of the cylinder 0, thereby retaining the dust material at the discharge end of the cylinder and preventing any escape of loose material, as Well as admission of air. The rear wall 26 of the drying-chamber has suitable'breeching 27 about, the cylinder to prevent escape of heat at this point.

In Fig. 4 I show still another modification of my invention. In this case the cylinder 30 projects beyond the rear Wall 31 of the heating-chamber, about as seen in Fig. 2, but has hooded air-inlets 33 in said rearward extension, and air is admitted thereto through the controlled inlet'34 or its equivalent opening. The said rear and outside portion of the cylinder is inclosed all around and over its end, so as to admit no air except through a suitable controlled passage, such as 34. In this case the dried material is dropped through openings 36 at the rear and side of the cylinder into the conveyer 37.

What I claim is- 1. In a drying apparatus, a drying cylinder set within the walls of a furnace and having a series of hooded inlet openings between its ends through which the products of combustion enter said cylinder, a conveyer for the dried material outside of the rear wallof the furnace and drying chamber, and an opening in the said cylinder outside the said wall discharging into said conveyer, substantially as set forth.

2. The drier substantially as set forth, comprising the furnace, the drying cylinder having a series of hooded openings entering the same, and a portion of said cylinder projecting beyond the rear wall of the furnace and drying chamber,a conveyer for the dried material at the rear end of said cylinder, and a close cover over said conveyer and the rear exposed end of the cylinder outside the drying chamber, substantially as set forth.

Witness my hand to the foregoing specification this 3d day of August, 1895.

FRANKLIN D. CUMMER.

Witnesses:

H. T. FISHER, R. B. IVIOSER. 

